Tuberculosis (TB)

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infection primarily affecting the lungs but can involve other body parts. Here's a summary of its diagnosis and treatment:

Diagnosis

Medical History and Physical Exam:

  • Symptoms: Persistent cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss.
  • Exposure History: Recent contact with TB patients.

Tests:

  • Tuberculin Skin Test (TST): Detects exposure to TB.
  • Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs): Blood tests for TB exposure.
  • Chest X-Ray: Identifies lung abnormalities.
  • Sputum Tests: Microscopy and culture for TB bacteria.
  • Molecular Tests: Rapid detection of TB and resistance (e.g., GeneXpert MTB/RIF).

Treatment

Drug Regimens: